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Surgeons have used incision scar tissue or tissue taken from the groin or between the buttocks to craft nipples.
On the contrary, the incision scar had met a criterion of primary healing.
During the physical examination, an incision scar was observed at the anterolateral region of the hip.
All the knees were approached through a previous anterior midline incision scar.
This risk increases when there is a classical or lower uterine segment vertical incision scar [ 9– 12], or when labour is induced using oxytocin [ 13– 15] or prostaglandins [ 7, 15, 16].
This approach explains one case in our study, in which a nodule was found in the umbilical trocar incision scar from a laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy for endometriosis, with no access to the uterine cavity.
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Even when considering the limitations of the technique, Jo and Kim showed that treatment of zygomatic fractures by using a transconjunctival approach and an intraoral approach was advantageous, as it did not result in any incision scars and achieved favorable and stable anatomic and anthropometric outcomes.
We concluded the disorder arranged hyporeflective or hyperreflective belts were incision scars, and postoperative residual astigmatism was causes by those scars.
In the Pfannenstiel incision scars, four lesions were located in the left corner, two in the right corner and one (second lesion) more centrally (Fig. 1).
To minimize the resultant laceration or surgical incision scars, various scar management and prevention methods have been introduced over recent decades, including intralesional steroids, radiotherapy, dermabrasion, pressure therapy, cryosurgery, silicone gel sheeting or ointment massage, and surgical excision [ 1– 5].
The cosmesis of mini-incision total hip replacement scars may be inferior to standard-incision scars because of skin and soft tissue damage produced by high retractor pressures needed for exposure using a limited skin incision.
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