In a large multicenter study on the incidence of conflicts, the authors reported that decisions to forgo life support were routinely shared with family members in one-third of ICUs.
In 2013, Stanford researchers Sol Hsiang and Marshall Burke, for example, conducted a meta analysis of 50 studies on conflict and climate change and found that higher temperatures and extreme precipitation tend to correlate with greater incidence of conflict.
The results suggest that a 10% increase in American food-aid shipments to an average recipient country increases the incidence of conflict by about 4%.
The authors argue that abolition increased the incidence of conflict in the areas within Africa affected by the slave trade.
Presence of community education, minimizing incidence of conflict, and sharing benefit from the park were enough to improve community attitude towards wildlife.
There was a high incidence of conflict (79%) between the community and park staff, with significant variations (χ 2 = 24.09; df = 2; P = 0.000) among the communities studied.
Respondents in Bougouni were more likely to observe an increase in incidence of uncontrolled bush fire, abusive cutting of trees, spread of invasive species and incidence of conflict over natural resources than those in Koutiala.
The increase in abusive cutting of trees, incidence of conflict over natural resources and spread of invasive species were perceived as high in Bougouni by farmers and settled pastoralists.
In addition to socioeconomic and demographic information, the interview was designed to collect data related to major constraints of livestock production, level of livestock-wildlife interactions, major problems the local community faced due to wildlife, incidence of conflict with wildlife staff, and readiness to live in harmony with the park.
Lower positive attitudes to wildlife (mean attitude score 1.65) and higher incidence of conflict with the park in Ittu compared with Afar ethnic groups (2.5) might be due to their sedentary agro-pastoral mode of life (Beyene 2012; Gebeyehu et al. 2016).
Relatedly, Price and Bohora [ 5] found a strong negative correlation between the incidence of conflict-related violence and the number of ANC consultations in Nepal.
