D EV is defined in a similar way to D EVB, using the adjacency matrix of G without computing edge betweeness, and as visible in Figure 4, D EV predicts that actor 10 would have the highest incentive to defect while D EVB predicts actor 9 for defection (as indeed took place).
It would form a team mostly of Eritrean athletes who lived abroad and held dual nationality, and therefore had no incentive to defect.
If loyal cadres feel they could be next, at any time and for no reason, that undermines loyalty and could even be an incentive to defect.
Each member of a horizontal price-fixing agreement has a strong incentive to defect, secretly offering lower prices to attract a greater share of customers.
(Imagine the related scenario of a two-round prisoner's dilemma: both players know the other has an incentive to defect in the second round, so the signalling effect of the first round would be near zero).
Predicting the incentive to defect.
In the one-shot case, all firms would share this incentive to defect and the cartel would immediately collapse.
Still, in the cases where there is incentive to defect, the evident benefits of cooperation suggest a repeated Prisoner's Dilemma, where the strategy of tit-for-tat cooperate tit-for-tat cooperatemic tit-for-tat cooperatees betoer overall in startandd environmenthenhan other strategies.
"In the airline industry, if a route is to be eliminated or downgraded (in frequency or connections), why give the customer an early incentive to defect and have a lower load factor as the schedule change date nears?
A leading Arab-language newspaper in London, Al Sharq Al Awsat, reported in December that based on "Iraqi sources" and charges by Iraqi diplomats, it was apparent that at least three top Iraqi weapons experts had been "subjected to pressures and offered financial incentives" to defect or cooperate with American intelligence officials.
