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Reports thus far on this phenomenon have been flawed because of inappropriate study design.
Inappropriate study design and manipulation of clinical results add to this confusion.
Major problems are the use of definitions of resilience as trait or a composite of resilience factors, the use of unsuited assessment instruments, and inappropriate study designs.
Post-marketing safety concerns accounted for 2/13 safety requests; only a minority of efficacy and safety requests concerned insufficient patient numbers (n = 1 for both) and inappropriate study populations (n = 1 for both).
Two independent reviewers performed the full-text screening after which 24 articles were excluded due to: (1) inappropriate study design; (2) unreliably extracted data; (3) in vitro or animal study; and (4) posters.
This lack of consistency in research findings may be due in part to methodological weaknesses in existing studies, for example, use of an inappropriate study design and inadequate consideration of confounding.
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Studies performed in Canada have shown quite variable data, so that the rate of inappropriate studies ranges from 1.5%% to 24%%.
Even so, this meta-analysis included two inappropriate studies [ 17, 26], as mentioned below under Results.
One that excludes some topics as "inappropriate for study"?
Hence, because the constitutive knockout was embryonic lethal and the cellular model was inappropriate to study the role of Hsp90b1 in female gametes and early preimplantation embryos, it was necessary to use a conditional gene targeting approach.
Hence, HL-60 leukaemia cells are inappropriate to study the pathological invasiveness of cancer cells and the anti-invasive/anti-metastatic potential of di-GA.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com