There are cases in which introduction of sensors into the flow system is not possible.
While introduction and post-introduction dynamics have important roles, the genetic structure in the native range population can also influence the way in which introduction histories impact on genetic diversity found in the invasive range.
This model was used for an in vivo chemotaxis assay in which introduction of wild-type CXCL12 to air pouches was found to elicit significant lymphocyte and mononuclear phagocyte recruitment.
The first demonstration of this came from a microarray study in which introduction of an exogenous miRNA into human HeLa cells downregulated a large number of target mRNAs [ 19].
This idea is supported by the work of Berger et al. using immortalized and tumorigenic human prostatic epithelial cells, in which introduction of AR induced differentiation of these cells to a secretory phenotype reminiscent of organ-confined PCa [ 43].
The key role of Mdm2 E3 ligase activity in controlling p53 levels in a physiological setting was further demonstrated by a knock-in study in which introduction of a ligase dead Mdm2 C462A mutant results in embryonic lethality, that like Mdm2 deletion, can be fully rescued by simultaneous Trp53 deletion (Itahana et al., 2007).
Among those tested, only 33(3%) of 102 were HIV infected and none of the 3 HIV-infected persons were among persons in households in which multiple introductions of MDR TB were detected.
The program also highlights the complementarity between infrastructure and institution, in which the introduction of grassroots democracy will increase the effectivity of the rural electrification program.
Chi-square tests were performed to explore the relationship between the introduction and the determinants that influence the introduction and the kind of technology that was introduced as well as the health care sector in which the introduction took place.
"Our model is not amenable to formal validation," says the Harvard group in its main report, "because there are no controlled experiments in which the introduction and consequences of B.S.E.
