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Mutant β-cells remain fully capable of insulin secretion after challenge with arginine or global membrane depolarization with exogenous KCl in vitro, excluding a general deficit in the basic secretory machinery.
Since P. luminescens has a variety of regulators that potentially sense chemical molecules, like hormones, the screen for up-regulated genes or operons was performed in vitro, excluding physicochemical signals like oxygen, temperature or osmolarity as variables.
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Preliminary experiments in vitro excluded any toxic effects of 1% DMSO.
To control for the end effects caused by nucleosome assembly on short DNA fragments, an additional filter was applied to in vitro data, excluding 200 bp on either side of each restriction enzyme cut site used in the respective assay.
Additional in vitro evidence excluded a contribution of ERK1/2 signalling to improper Smad3 activity and collagen I production in cells that constitutively express Ha-Ras.
LC-MS/MS analysis detected phosphorylation at Ser-1141, howeveresultslts from in vitro phosphorylation excluded the serine as a substrate for DNA-PK.
In addition, the murine pancreatic cancer cell line 6606PDA [ 17] and the human pancreatic cancer cell line PaTu8988T [ 18] were tested in vitro to exclude cell specific effects of TTP.
Recently, modulation by lenalidomide of regulatory cells, with an immunophenotype overlapping with mo-MDSC, defined as CD33+CD11b+CD14−HLADR−, has been reported [ 89], while in vitro studies exclude a direct effect of lenalidomide or bortezomib in MDSC expansion [ 88].
Since in vitro data excluded ischemic S100A1 production in CFs, our results support the view that S100A1 is passively released from damaged cardiomyocytes and subsequently internalized by adjacent CFs.
Finally, the possibility of the involvement of MECA-79-related glycoproteins in CXCL12α binding in vitro was excluded, because under culture conditions neither RA ECs nor HUVECs expressed MECA-79 (data not shown).
Prior to the study, the conditioner had been tested in vitro to exclude any pediculicidal effect (20 head lice were fully coated with the conditioner, placed on a humid paper and observed for vital signs).
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