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We grouped our data in three age classes rather than continuous data in the analysis due to the limitations in our dataset.
We then treated age as categorical variable by grouping them in three age classes following [25]: class 1 for young birds (3 and 4 years, n = 7), class 2 for middle-aged birds (5 to 10 years, n = 7) and class 3 for old birds (11 to 14 years, n = 5).
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Lichens were also inventoried in two age classes: between 6 and 10 years and between 12 and 18 years after harvest.
The results of previous NFIs show that the proportions of area and volume of forests in two age classes are relatively constant (Table 7).
We used paddocks (i.e. grazed pastures) as the start point, sites in two age classes (5 8 and 12 17 since years since replanting) and fenced woodland remnants to represent the desired end point.
For DFA analyses a subset of the original data set was used to prevent pseudoreplication, as some individuals were represented in two age classes.
Individuals were grouped in three age-classes: newborns, juveniles, and adults; for each year a female population transition matrix was constructed, and the population growth rate was estimated for each year as the matrix highest positive eigenvalue.
BDE-47 had the highest GM serum concentration in all three age classes, followed by BDE-153, 99 and 100.
More male participants were seropositive compared to females (in all three age classes) (OR = 1.96; p LRT) < 0.001) (Table 3).> -wrap-foot> The uni- and multivariable models used a random effect on village level.
I quantified male responses to a conspecific advertisement stimulus repeatedly over three age classes in Gryllus rubens (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in order to estimate the type and frequency of male responses to the broadcast stimulus and to determine the factors affecting them.
We surveyed in total 130 forest-hedgerow transects in North-western Germany, including three age classes.
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