The upper sheet is indented into a die cavity through the hole in the lower sheet and spread so that the two sheets interlock geometrically.
The lower wall is taller than I am, and I can walk, with some hesitation, beneath the upper sheet.
The upper sheet was held in place from above using a poly styrene) support, filled with water to maintain close contact between the upper sheet and the NaAlg solution as it gelled, since some shrinkage was observed at the sample edges.
The upper sheet, middle membrane and lower sheet could be easily assembled together in 20 s as an ET chip of supporting 1.4 kg tension force, indicating good mechanical stability.
If the two ply sheets do not tear at the same place, take the upper sheet, wind it back round the roll and tear off excess.
Under high cyclic loads, the failure occurred in the upper Al sheet because of the higher stress concentration at the notch tip leading to crack initiation followed by its propagation through the thickness toward the joint surface and, subsequently, along the specimen width direction.
Vitrinite reflectance analysis yields paleo-temperatures of 130°C to 150°C in the lower thrust sheets (Ikesawa et al. 2005) and > 200°C in the upper thrust sheets (Kitamura et al. 2005), corresponding to the approximate shallow portion of the seismogenic zone (150°C to 350°C; Hyndman 2007).
As can be seen, the matrix blank is constrained in the upper shoe and the punch blank is moved up to the sheet surface using the lower shoe course and at last is bound on the sheet.
