Numerical results are presented and compared to the exact solution for scalar advection in a source flow, considering both continuous and discontinuous initial profiles.
Using 405-nm short-wavelength light beam in situ monitoring system, the optimized source flow rate can be easily obtained.
Embracing the Lagrangian concentration framework, we obtain explicit semi-analytical expressions for the dilution index as a function of the structural parameters of the random hydraulic conductivity field, under the assumptions of uniform-in-the-average flow, small injection source and weak-to-mild heterogeneity.
The onset, existence and vanishing of the sink and source flows in the δ-layer are presented.
A comparison of results with hydrometeorological records shows that class L and XL events are typically triggered by advective storms (rainfall > 50 mm) in August and September, when the active layer of the rock glacier in the source area of debris flows is largest.
For clarity, we define (H_{k,i}^{textmd {tiny {(I)}}}=left (left |h_{k,i}^{textmd {tiny {(I)}}}right |^{2}/(n_{0}W right)) and (H_{g,i}^{textmd {tiny { II)}}}=left (left |h_{g,i}^{textmd {tiny { II)}}}right |^{2}/(n_{0}W right)) as the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of flow k on subcarrier i in the source phase and the CNR of flow g on subcarrier i in the relay phase, respectively.
Note that each subcarrier is only allowed to be assigned to one flow in the source phase.
According to Chigira et al. ([2010]), the investigators also found water-saturated clayey materials and water flow in the source area.
To determine the initial stress condition of soil sample No. 3-DIS, the thickness (H) of the soil layer and slope angle are assumed as 1 m and 35°, respectively, based on the field measurement results in the source area of the debris flow.
