The following biochemical parameters were determined in the sera of control and experimental group of rats: blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea, creatinine, uric acid, enzyme activities such as AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, amylase, lipase, CK and serum proteins (total protein, albumin and globulin).
Only human IL-6 was produced at levels detectable in the sera of control mice injected with HSA, but not in the sera of mice given intravenous BiP.
The bioactivity of the systemic IL-6 was determined by the level of haptoglobin (HP) in the sera of control (HPPH only) and HPPH-PDT-treated animals over an 8 day post-PDT treatment period.
In contrast, the sera of control animals, which received HPPH but were not exposed to light, maintained an HP level of <0.3 mg ml−1 over the course of the experiment.
However, these studies did not analyse blood samples; the levels of FOXO1 in sera of patients with sepsis were still lower than levels in the sera of normal controls, and the mechanism remains unclear.
With regard to antibody against HPV, one study on the seroprevalence of HPV 16 antibody among Chinese patients with penile cancer reported that no antibodies against HPV 16 VLPs were detected in serum specimens of 55 Chinese patients with penile cancer, nor in the sera of 60 controls (Wideroff et al, 1996b).
Using sera from patients with severe sepsis obtained within 24 hours of onset (n = 12), Gambim and colleagues showed there were significant increases in the concentration of exosomes when compared with the concentration found in the sera of healthy control individuals [ 14].
Thus, the 10 KD cutoff was used to measure FRα in the sera of cases and controls.
VEGF-A was present in similar amounts in the sera of patients and controls.
In the present study neither of the IL-6 type cytokines LIF and CNTF were detected in the sera of normal healthy controls or patients with NSCLC.
