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The LUMO/HOMO energy levels of PBL and EML are staggered, and only a single carrier is confined in the EML.
Due to the distributed exciton formation in the EML, the WOLED exhibits higher total efficiency than monochromatic devices employing the same red, green and blue dopant host combinations.
Further analysis indicates that the melt flow induced by the electromagnetic field in the EML may play a significant role in promoting fragmentation of primary dendrites in the mushy zone and thus resulting in equiaxed grains.
Electrons and holes could combine in the EML, emitting blue light, which will pump POFP and produce spontaneous radiation spectrum.
Conversely, the relatively low mobility of TPBi (device B) and Bphen (device C) could induce more charge accumulation in the EML and resulted in a stronger excimer emission.
For devices B and C with type-II MQW structure, there is a low possibility of carrier recombination due to the fact that only a single carrier could be confined in the EML, while another carrier is confine in PBL, which results in poor EL performances.
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The chromaticity and colour-rendering capability of solution-processed single emission layer (EML) white organic light-emitting diodes (W-OLEDs) can be precisely tuned by manipulating the dopant compositions in the EMLs.
For device A, there is a 0.2-eV barrier at the interface of either [LUMO]EML/[LUMO]TPBi or [HOMO]EML/[HOMO]TPBi, and such an energy level alignment makes electrons and holes distribute uniformly in the EMLs that act as potential wells under electrical excitation.
The Essential Medicines List (EML) used in this survey is one latest Jiangsu Provincial EML in 2011, because for each province the EML is different.
In China, infliximab is not included in the Essential Medicine List (EML), neither covered by healthcare insurance provided by the government.
We have employed representational difference analysis to identify genes that are differentially expressed during experimentally induced myeloid differentiation in the murine EML hematopoietic stem cell line.
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