Traces of immune escape were observed in the earliest samples, suggesting that immune pressure is present and effective earlier than previously reported; quantifying the loss rate of the founder virus suggests a direct role for CD8 T-lymphocyte responses in viral containment after peak viremia.
The presence of Hippophaë is limited in the earliest sampled horizons (AH XI, AH IX).
In the earliest samples nearly all the RBCs would be in the pellets but, with time, increasing proportions of RBCs would have extruded their Ca2+ and would remain on top of the oil.
Interestingly, some key genes of monoterpenoid and phenolic biosynthesis, such as OeDXS, OeGES, OeG10H and OeADH, were exclusively expressed in the earliest sampling, when the highest secoiridoid concentration was detected.
PES was observed to exist in even the earliest samples collected in 1980 (unpublished observations), and has been identified in sequential cohorts of young adults transitioning into our clinic.
It shows that overall exit rates were higher in the earlier sample period across all durations, with a noticeable uptick in exits at durations beyond 20 months in both samples.
Table 2 shows that exit rates from unemployment are lower in the recent sample period than in the earlier sample period, as expected given that labor market conditions were more favorable in the earlier period.12 In both sample periods, exit rates generally are lower for UI eligible individuals (job losers) than for ineligibles (job leavers and labor force entrants).
However, a similar pattern of increased exit rates at long durations in the earlier sample undercuts this explanation somewhat, because extended UI benefits would have been exhausted well before 21 months in that period (the PBD was 72 weeks or about 17 months during this period).
On a group-level, private allelic richness was highest in the early sample (1903 1912) (arP = 1.12), while private allelic richness in the middle (arP = 0.80), and contemporary populations (arP = 0.84), were comparable.
Where it was not possible to find a control in which the earlier sample could be matched for duration of storage, an eligible control with the closest available early sample was randomly selected.
