24 The aim of the evaluation study was to provide insight into the degree of implementation of 10 patient safety themes in Dutch hospitals.
In order to assess the degree of implementation of the recommendations, an overall descriptive analysis was conducted among the first eight countries where PAHO and partners undertook this type of review mission: Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Argentina, and Guatemala.
An in-depth cross-sectional retrospective analysis of the degree of implementation of these recommendations in Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia, and El Salvador was performed through a standardized self-administered questionnaire applied to key informants.
In Germany, little is known about the degree of implementation of elements of the CCM in routine primary care for multimorbid patients.
The study confirms the importance of including the degree of implementation in intervention studies.
Phase 1 was designed as a cross-sectional clinical audit study to evaluate the degree of implementation in clinical practice of the guidelines for the primary prevention of CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes; these results have been published (22).
However, diagnostic habits may differ between GPs in different countries and regions within countries, due to differences in the level of professional training, the degree of implementation or content of clinical practice guidelines, the use of active protocols for detecting certain diseases, organisational factors, etc. [ 11, 45, 46].
Additionally, although risk reduction recommendations to prevent the transmission of bloodborne pathogens in hospitals have been promulgated and evaluated, the degree of implementation and effectiveness of similar recommendations targeting correctional facilities remains largely unknown [ 18].
While much of the prescriptive literature has advocated the strategic HRM role (Truss 2009a; Ulrich 1998), the evidence concerning the degree of implementation or effectiveness in public service organizations suggests more complex and partly contradictory effects of HRM-based reforms.
