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In the case of designed experiments (or natural quasi-experiments), the groups are treatment vs. control; in the case of observational studies that examine disparate outcomes for some specific group (e.g., a racial or ethnic group), we might refer to groups as focal vs. reference (Holland and Thayer [1988]; Penfield and Camilli [2007]).
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The obtained data is very important especially in the case of designing the effervescent-swirl atomizers.
In the case of designing a baggage transfer system, these cases would be companies that transfer luggage on a domestic level.
The tool can be used in the case of designing or developing new shopping centres as well as in the case of refurbishing or restructuring existing shopping centres.
This results form the study can be used in the case of designing heat transfer exchangers using hydrocarbons as the refrigerant for the air-conditioning systems.
In the case of designing type-2 fuzzy systems for particular applications, the use of bio-inspired optimization methods have helped in the complex task of finding the appropriate parameter values and structure of the fuzzy systems.
In the case of designing type-2 fuzzy controllers for particular applications, the use of bio-inspired optimization methods have helped in the complex task of finding the appropriate parameter values and structure of the fuzzy systems.
Our analysis and numerical results show that the proposed method bears superior performance on effectiveness and efficiency, especially in the case of designing PR CMFBs with large number of channels.
These results obtained would be useful in the case of design and analysis of cavitator under water.
Hence, the present approach is especially useful for parametric studies, such as in the case of design optimization and exploration of flow phenomena.
The search is based on stochastic optimisation, and assumes that the same information and simulation tools as in the case of design by trial and error are available.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com