It preys upon schooling nocturnal fishes such as squirrelfishes, soldierfishes, and sweepers that often shelter in the same cave.
In the new study, Caramelli's group isolated mtDNA from a different set of Cro-Magnon remains that had been found in the same cave in 2003.
At issue was an unusual wound to the ribcage of a Neanderthal skeleton that is at least 50,000 years old, dug up half a century ago in the same cave in northeastern Iraq that yielded the fossil Trinkaus had shared with his students.
In 2013, researchers reported that, beginning about 6000 years ago, farmers and hunter-gatherers had both buried their dead in the same cave in Germany and continued to do so for 800 years, suggesting that the two groups were in close contact.
The Neanderthal toe bone was found in the same cave in 2010, though in a deeper layer of sediment that is thought to be about 10,000-20,000 years older.
"We have learned and we have demonstrated that drug traffickers and terrorists work out of the same jungle, they plan in the same cave, and they train in the same desert," Asa Hutchinson, director of the Drug Enforcement Administration, told reporters in announcing the arrests alongside the attorney general, John Ashcroft, and the F.B.I. director, Robert S. Mueller III.
The study concludes that the archaeological layers at the site are so mixed up that ornaments and tools once attributed to Neandertals could actually be the work of modern humans, who lived in the same cave at a later date.
Alone, in the same cave where compress'd.
The new study also sequenced a Denisovan — another early human relative — found in the same cave as the Altai Neanderthal.
(The cave's precise location is unknown, Coe said). Sáenz purchased the manuscript and a half-dozen other pieces found in the same cave, including a turquoise-encrusted wood mask and a sacrificial knife, directly from the looters.
