For example, in studies in which BMI is an outcome of interest, the route of exposure may result in systematic variations in urinary analyte excretion as a function of BMI.
Perou and colleagues originally demonstrated that the phenotypic diversity of breast carcinomas is reflected in corresponding systematic variation in gene expression patterns.
In particular, systematic variation of multiple parameters suffers from exponential increase in the number of combinations of parameters to be considered.
In SCV terms, systematic variation is larger in conservative surgery; particularly, in the age group below 50 years old, showing a 3.3 times higher systematic variation in conservative techniques (1.37 higher for women between 50 and 70 years old and 1.9 for women above 70).
In addition, we detected systematic variation in call structure as a function of personal vulnerability and proximity to a rival male.
To what extent these observations relate to true differences in performance as opposed to systematic variation in assessments based on non-clinical considerations is a matter of importance, and one which we cannot address in this study.
This line of investigation has been tremendously useful in helping to uncover how systematic variation in small, well-defined bits of the signal, known as acoustic cues, specifies phonetic categories.
MT measurements were performed in vivo with systematic variation of off-resonance frequencies and flip angle of the MT prepulse.
