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Smiley does a very good job of marshalling the effects of history in small effects on people's lives – Frank doesn't see a black person until he is in his late teens, in the 1930s.
The requirement to support the generation of variation is cashed out in terms of being able to support a large, if not unlimited, set of variants or, in Sterelny's framework, replicators (C7), having a "smooth" (quasi-continuous) mapping between replicators and system organization, i.e., small changes should result in small effects on organization (C8).
It is likely that the genetic basis of susceptibility to malaria is built upon many different protective genes, each individually resulting in small effects [21].
Also, it should be noted that the large sample size of this study may result in small effects reaching statistical significance.
This concern is compounded by the fact that developmental neurotoxicity that results in small effects can have a profound societal impact when amortized across the entire population and across the life span of humans.
As dietary intervention generally results in small effects on a big number of genes compared to pharmaceutical intervention which targets a specific biomarker, microarrays can therefore detect a combined effect of several genes belonging to a similar biological pathway [ 12].
Similar(52)
A second caution with the results for etidronate is that the trials were small resulting in small effect sizes and the trials were conducted prior to the year 2000.
Comparable substitutions for D169 result in smaller effects; D169E and D169C exhibit decreases in Vmax of 39- and 26-fold, respectively.
Alternatively, differences in the composition of PM in the LA area could result in smaller effects.
Thus, if such studies had been published and be part of the meta-analysis, they would have resulted in smaller effect sizes than those reported here.
Cohen's d and the standardised response mean are influenced by the variability of the denominator (baseline scores for Cohen's d and change scores for standardised response mean), so higher variability in the denominator will result in smaller effect sizes.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com