For a treatment of Wright's understanding of the empirically given in relation to scientific inference, see Madden 1972, reprinted in Ryan and Madden 2000, vol. 3. 6. See Ernst Mach 1960 and Comte 1853.
Value judgments may be implicit in the standards of scientific inference, but not in the daily work of an individual scientist.
It is appropriately referred to as a scientific inference in that, as standardly in science, no evidence depending on direct observation of mental states is used to support this inference.
Another implication of using mechanistic data will be carcinogen identifications that are based on scientific inference in the absence of tumor studies in humans or experimental animals.
This notion has shown its theoretical fruitfulness not only in the foundations of statistics and scientific inference, but also in connection with the development of information theory and complexity theory.
We hope that we can convince a sufficient number of our colleagues that the potential gains in the quality of scientific inference from replication are worth the costs.
We do not advance public health and environmental protection by concluding with the truism that 'further research is needed.' We are proud of our successful outreach, but it entails added responsibilities in regard to appropriate scientific inference.
Assessing internal validity of evidence on effectiveness from clinical trials is, in essence, a process of scientific inference for causality.
Indeed, in discussing similar issues, biochemist John Platt (1964) argued that good scientific inference is strong inference, whereby the goal in an experiment is to eliminate one or more hypotheses.
