The ideal biomarker would be highly sensitive and specific for neurological injury, rapidly available from the serum or other easily obtained body fluid other than cerebrospinal fluid, and released in proportion to the severity of the injury, with little variability across different diagnostic and demographic groups.
The results highlight the operational differences between balancing options: demand response, with a fixed price remuneration, is dispatched in proportion to net load curve variability, whereas storage technologies which take advantage of price arbitrage, are dispatched in proportion to marginal cost variability.
Since response variability is largely in proportion to response time, the types of experiment that are most susceptible to the effects of hardware or software variability are those with the shorter response times.
These results suggest that the standard errors increased in direct proportion to the numerosity estimates (scalar variability), which indicates that subjects were indeed estimating rather than counting [39], [40].
A Fisher 2 × 2 contingency analysis showed that 45% of patients under NAVA had a Vt variability in equal proportion to ∫Eadi variability, versus 0% for PS (P < 0.05).
Further research is needed using more detailed measures of existing predictive variables and identification of other factors beyond those observed in this study that explain a greater proportion of the variability in outcome to improve our ability to identify patients at risk of poor outcomes from THR surgery.
We determined the wavelet spectra of NEE or ET time series to identify the proportion of the variability in NEE or ET attributable to processes operating at specific timescales/frequencies.
7 Accordingly, polymorphisms of the CYP2C19 gene associated with loss of function have been associated with decreased antiplatelet responsiveness 8 and are supposed to predict a large proportion of the variability in clinical response to clopidogrel.
To measure this more precisely, the interaction effects between case status and birth year were included in the Cox proportional hazards modelling and demonstrated that a significantly greater proportion of the variability in time to hospitalisation was explained by the interaction model than by the main effects model (p < 0.001).
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) methods were used to summarise the proportion of the variability in the incremental costs and QALYs explained by the uncertainty in input parameters.
