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It is aimed to overcome the deficiency of inconsistency in predicted and observed creep strains existed in previous formulations [Q.
As such, the Arrhenius diffusion of the physically appropriate heterogeneous propagation was mimicked well by the Arrhenius kinetics of the homogeneous propagation in previous formulations.
The method employs a novel, fully-curvilinear staggered grid discretization approach, which does not require either the explicit evaluation of the Christoffel symbols or the discretization of all three momentum equations at cell interfaces as done in previous formulations.
In previous formulations of Eq. 5 we assumed, as others also have [21], [31], [33], that µ is a constant and θ is a function that is inversely proportional to f(R,X).
While recognizing that One Health is an evolving approach with historical roots in previous formulations such as One Medicine (12 ), the Working Group noted that recent published definitions of One Health have stressed the critical need for transdisciplinary integration of human, animal, and environmental health (13 ).
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Equation (14) as equivalently expressed in terms of universal weight function m x,a) of Eq. (13) by Wu et al. (2003) was used by Kumar and Pandey (2012) in the previous formulation.
Peptide antigens of malaria carried with PLGA microparticles induced stronger systemic immune response compared to those absorbed to alum either orally or subcutaneously administered in mice, and meanwhile the Th1-mediated cellular immune response was only observed in the previous formulation (Carcaboso et al., 2003).
It is found that, in the presence of a mean flow, there exist acoustic waves that have a positive group velocity but a negative phase velocity in the direction of the mean flow and these waves become actually amplified in the previous formulation, thus giving rise to the instability.
Whereas displacement and shear deformation have to be considered separately in the previous formulation, these are combined by the use of modal variables, reducing the element degrees of freedom to the nodal variables and a single hierarchy of an arbitrary number of modal coefficients.
The time is a variable that was not introduced in the previous formulation of hypotheses.
As in the previous formulation, the mutual information is determined using entropy: (6) I (X ; Y, Z ) = I (Y, Z ; X ) = H XX ) + H (Y, Z ) − H XX, Y, Z ) where X represents the output signal and Y and Z represent two input signals or visa versa.
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