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It is a multivariable test technique using plant-friendly and optimal amplitude binary multi-frequency signals, in conjunction with multivariable parametric modeling techniques, to achieve significant time savings in plant testing by comparison with traditional step testing and even other multivariable testing methods in the literature.
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The dry matter content of manure was chosen as reference parameter as it is expected to be more relevant than the nitrogen concentration on the effects of veterinary medicinal products in plant tests.
So far, a harmonised concept taking account of NER and TPs in the terrestrial plant testing of VMPs is still lacking [5].
The wet application of 10 mg/kg nanoparticles resulted in a statistically-significant differences to the control in the plant test, whereas the dry spiking approach did not.
However, Prq1b was detected in adult plant tests inoculated with an isolate virulent on both parent in seedling tests [ 5, 17].
After intraperitoneal treatment, there was no statistically significant decrease in the rate of cell division, similar to what happened in the plant test system.
The EPRES process can considerably shorten the start-up procedure in pilot plant test and a wide range of commercial practices, exhibiting its economical advantage and low environmental impact.
In the plant test with TiO2 nanoparticles (Table2), we compared wet and dry applications with soil as the carrier.
General phytotoxicity of the two antibiotics florfenicol and tylosin tartrate was determined in standard plant tests (i.e. without manure) conducted under the previously described test conditions.
Table 7 Toxicity of florfenicol (mg/kg soil dry mass) toward six plant species assessed in standard plant tests Species A. cepa A. sativa B. napus S. alba S. lycopersicum P. vulgaris Emergence NOEC ≥5.00 ≥5.00 ≥5.00 0.56 <0.06 1.67 EC10 6.81 0.34 0.01 0.12 n.d.
Table 8 Toxicity of tylosin tartrate (mg/kg soil dry mass) toward six plant species assessed in standard plant tests Species A. cepa A. sativa B. napus S. lycopersicum P. vulgaris T. pratense Emergence NOEC ≥250 ≥800 ≥144 ≥144 ≥800 ≥83.3 EC10 n.d.
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