One hypothesis for the improved topological accuracy of ASTRAL-2 compared to wQMC is that ASTRAL-2 finds better solutions to the MQSST optimization problem, and a competing hypothesis is that the higher topological accuracy achieved by ASTRAL-2 is due in part to the constraint it imposes on the solution space.
As the penalty is not differentiable at 0, we reformulate the optimization problem by moving the non-differentiable part to the constraints as suggested in (Liu et al., 2009): (5) Here, we have introduced new variables and into the problem.
Dr. Hughes, a demographer, and Professor Seneca, an economist, attributed the trends in part to traffic constraints in the suburbs and a shortage of land for development, especially as open-space preservation programs expanded.
We chose this number of genes due, in part, to computational constraints of the coexpression network analysis.
This fragmented pattern of share ownership is due in part to legal constraints on concentrated ownership, fiduciary requirements that encourage extensive diversification, and investors' strong desire for liquidity.
This was due, in part, to scheduling constraints.
This is due in part to time constraints, but primarily because no standardized assessment instruments exist for these topics and skills.
Lack of experience on the part of the social workers as well as a perceived lack of commitment, due at least in part to resource constraints (for example, difficulties accessing transport and telecommunications), led to decreased levels of confidence in the intervention from HCWs.
The management of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in developing countries is hindered by the paucity of clear protocols due in part to growing economic constraints and the lack of availability of expensive chemotherapeutic agents.
This indicates that at least some of the recent runup in housing costs has been based on fundamentals; people are demanding more housing than is available.Lagging housing supply may be due, in part, to constraints on new construction that prevent housing markets from clearing.
