Personnel were sometimes involved in parallel study activities.
Given the different sources of MRSA and C. difficile contamination, nasal/wound versus fecal, and different susceptibility to disinfectants, an understanding of the epidemiology of MRSA and C. difficile in the environment, in parallel study, can help infer sources of contamination and potential factors associated with contamination.
In parallel studies, TEAB (tetraethylammonium bromide, a small ionic solute) and sucrose (an electroosmotic flow marker) were also investigated.
In parallel studies, the specific cell uptake due to σ receptor binding was verified by the presence of a variety of σ ligands including -pentazocine (σ1), haloperidol (non-selective σ1/σ2) and unlabelled SIG343 and SIG353 (σ2).
In parallel, studies were conducted on CK1ε-deficient mice.
In parallel studies, dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg), or 1-aminobenzotriazol (ABT) (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneal injection to naïve mice 18 h prior to ozone exposure.
The absence of astrocytes (<1 2%) was confirmed by the lack of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining verified in parallel studies (data not shown).
In parallel studies conducted with p-GSK-3β [Fig. 4A], increased levels [42%, P<0.05, n = 4] of this protein were observed in the cytoskeleton-free fraction of A53T mice as compared to insignificant decreases in the cytoskeleton-bound fraction.
In each group of experiments glucose and oleate oxidation were assessed in parallel studies under the same conditions except for the addition of either [1 14C]oleic acid or D-[14C(U ]glucose.
In parallel studies which tested the absolute limits of enzyme radioprotection, a combination of the 3 mM decapeptide in phosphate buffer or bicarbonate buffer (Figure 4E) with 0.25 1 mM Mn2+ preserved 20 50% activity of glutamine synthetase exposed to 50 kGy.
In parallel studies we observed that TPC-1 cells express a strong mesenchymal phenotype, as evidenced by the expression of mesenchymal cytoskeletal proteins, such as vimentin, and the high deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagens and fibronectin [40].
