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Increased signal-to-noise in neural representations of sensory stimuli is thought to underlie the perceptual benefits of attention.
This pattern of electrophysiological and behavioral results supports the conclusion that early experience with phonetic contrasts of a language results in changes in neural representations in the auditory cortex that allow for more robust automatic, phonetic processing of native-language speech input.
Tracking changing priors may open the possibility for new analyses in neural representations in sensorimotor tasks.
Thus, the W-track continuous alternation task may be a useful learning paradigm for investigating changes in neural representations that underlie memory formation and retrieval.
In current models, the process of sensorimotor adaptation is presumed to result from plasticity in neural representations of sensory-motor relationships (internal models) that are used in the coordination of voluntary movements [27], [33], [37].
A third novel aspect of the findings is the discovery of significant cross-participant commonality in neural representations of word meaning, such that the activation patterns of an individual participant can be identified based on training data drawn exclusively from other people.
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That kind of change in neural representation most likely reflects a computational code that relies on summing across a large number of neural responses in order to increase the statistical reliability of an eventual decision.
This suggests that a note and its octave share greater overlap in neural representation than a note and its half-octave.
The lowest level of abstraction in neural representation was shown in anatomically defined PAC, which encoded surface acoustic forms (whether syllables were presented as SW, NV, or clear speech), but not the identity of syllables.
Although these findings are often interpreted as reflecting the early stages of memory systems consolidation, it has remained a challenge to separate changes in neural representation from concomitant changes in episodic quality or content.
An important question for future research is how changes in neural representation over a 1-day interval relate to the changes over longer intervals that are the focus of memory consolidation and transformation accounts.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com