Analyses of genetically engineered mice indicate that huntingtin is an essential protein involved in multiple processes, such as iron transport in early development, ependymal cell differentiation, neuronal migration, neuroprotection, regulation of body weight, and spermatogenesis, among others.
Most hormones are involved in multiple processes such as organ differentiation and development, and they impact each other through elaborate crosstalk strategies.
Furthermore, RSC has been implicated in multiple processes such as kinetochore function and recruitment of cohesin along chromosome arms (Hsu et al. 2003; Huang et al. 2004).
Substantial studies have indicated the regulatory effects of the ECS on the central and peripheral nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, and the immune system, being involved in multiple processes, such as gastrointestinal motility, mood, pain regulation, memory, and appetite [ 1].
In humans, the HEPACAM gene product is involved in multiple processes such as leukoencephalopathy, mental retardation, tumor suppression and leukodystrophy based on mutations associated with these disorders [ 47, 48].
Recent studies have implicated a regulatory role of Id proteins in multiple processes such as cell cycle progression (Lasorella et al, 1996; Israel et al, 1999), apoptosis (Norton and Atherton, 1998), and angiogenesis (Lyden et al, 1999; Schoppmann et al, 2003).
NUAK1 (NUAK family SnF1-like kinase-1) and NUAK2 protein kinases are activated by the LKB1 tumour suppressor and have been implicated in regulating multiple processes such as cell survival, senescence, adhesion and polarity.
Emphasis is placed on the utility of studies in whole animals as integrative models in which the multiple processes such as xenobiotic metabolism, cell injury, repair, transformation and promotion under the influence of many host factors interact in a manner that may not be directly observed in isolated cells or tissues.
Thus, the apparent population decline in southern Texas could be related to multiple processes such as population isolation, range contraction and mortality because of predator control and other interactions with humans.
Activated NF- κB plays a critical role in inflammation-driven tumour progression as it influences multiple processes such as cell-cycle control, apoptosis, stromal protease production and angiogenesis in addition to the release of inflammatory mediators including interleukin-8 (IL-8), which promotes tubular morphogenesis of endothelial cells (Shono et al, 1996).
In cells, autonomous pathway components are involved in chromatin modification and RNA processing, which play important roles in multiple physiological processes such as growth and development, response to abiotic stress, etc. [ 16, 17].
