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During the years, the risk factor specific percentages were adjusted according to changes in mortality of the reference population and/or changes in life expectancy resulting from new medical treatments.
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In The Netherlands, the infant mortality rate in children with DS dropped from 7.07% in 1992 to 4% in 2003 (this is in contrast with the 0.48% infant mortality of the reference population in The Netherlands in 2003) [ 33].
The ratios of incidence and mortality in the reference region are used for each site and gender to estimate cancer incidence levels, taking into account mortality in the region studied.
The parameter β0 estimates the log odds of mortality for the reference group, and the parameter β estimates with maximum likelihood, the differential log odds of mortality associated with the predictor X, as compared to the reference group.
Hazard ratios larger than 1 indicate a lower mortality in the reference category.
Although this may be associated with pre-existing higher levels of mortality compared with the reference group the risk of mortality in the first 30 days is significant.
For the categorical predictors the interpretation is essentially the same, except that the HR represents the difference in the risk of mortality compared to the reference group.
Negative value means lower mortality than the reference temperature of 18°C. is 95% confidence interval.
In blood pressure (BP) and temperature, average mortality on either side of the reference categories did not differ substantially.
For example, in the fully adjusted model (model 4), while middle levels of fitness were associated with a 20% reduced mortality risk, high fitness levels were related to a 24% lower mortality risk in comparison to the reference group of low fitness (middle fitness: HR=0.80, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.99; high fitness: HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.97).
The normoglycaemic group with elevated iron markers did not show increased mortality risk in comparison to the reference group of normoglycaemic and normal iron marker levels.
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