Sentence examples for in low quantum from inspiring English sources

This method also results in low quantum yield.

Excessive vanadium and nitrogen content caused the detrimental effect, which acted as recombination centers to trap the charge carriers and resulted in low quantum yields[2, 27].

However, the short exciton-diffusion length and inefficient exciton dissociation in a polymeric matrix of OSCs results in low quantum efficiency, which limits their use in many potential applications [4, 5].

Another main drawback of ZnO is rapid recombination of photo-induced electron-hole pairs, which results in the low quantum yield for any photocatalytic reactions [9 12].

However, the practical application of single bare TiO2 in the industry is still a challenge due to the high-rate recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes at the surface of TiO2 results in a low quantum efficiency.

The presence of the ferrocene unit in both compounds results in molecules with low quantum efficiencies due to the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) from naphthalimide to ferrocene.

However, application of this dye is limited by its numerous disadvantageous properties in aqueous solution, including its concentration-dependent aggregation, poor aqueous stability in vitro, and low quantum yield.

Both DC-1 and DC-2 in DMSO have low quantum yields of 1.5% and 1%, respectively (SI Figure S3).

Insufficient stability in biological systems, low quantum yield, low detection sensitivity, poor hydrophilicity and photostability have been improved using QDs [ 11].

Fluorescent probes with an ether (10) or a carbamate (16) linkage showed biocompatible nature, high sensitivity (working below 1 μM of concentration) and strong fluorescence emission in the presence of NTR whereas they showed very low quantum yields in the absence of NTR.

Imaging agents such as fluorescent dye-doped silica nanoparticles, quantum dots and gold nanoparticles have overcome many of the limitations of conventional contrast agents (organic dyes) such as poor photostability, low quantum yield, insufficient in vitro and in vivo stability, etc.