Sentence examples for in laboratory evolution from inspiring English sources

Directed evolution studies also suggest that epistatic paths can be bypassed (and they certainly are in laboratory evolution), because there are multiple sequences that satisfy a given fitness goal, and there are many different paths to these sequences [34], [71], [72].

The conditions for these cultures were identical to those in laboratory evolution.

We conclude that the model succeeds to explain the increase in cell volume and fitness observed in laboratory evolution.

We selected these three types of mutations because they are commonly found in laboratory evolution experiments with this strain [ 22].

Therefore, the parallel increase in cell volume and fitness found in laboratory evolution could be the result of the combined effects of increased transport and reduced catabolic functions.

Furthermore, this is also in contrast to the rates with which resistance develops in laboratory evolution experiments in E. coli and other closely related Proteobacteria.

In the laboratory, evolution experiments in bacteria have repeatedly shown the emergence of cross-feeding interactions in simple environments [ 3- 6].

Therefore we removed this wording from the section in question ("Phenotypic reversibility in the laboratory evolution of PTE").

The reason we consistently use lysate activities throughout the paper is that this is what was the basis for the selection of improved variants in our screens and therefore more adequately reflects "fitness" in our model evolutionary system, as mentioned in the text (subsection "Phenotypic reversibility in the laboratory evolution of PTE").

The mutations in relA and spoT, which codes an enzyme that plays a major role in ppGpp degradation, have been widely observed in the laboratory evolution of E. coli under various conditions, including glucose limitation [ 25] and high temperature [ 13].

In this study, we analyzed phenotypic and genotypic changes in the laboratory evolution of E. coli cells.