Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.
Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
in includes
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "in includes" is not correct and does not make sense in written English.
It seems to be a combination of two words that do not fit together grammatically. Example: "The report in includes several key findings." (This should be corrected to "The report includes several key findings.")
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
News & Media
Science
Formal & Business
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
13 human-written examples
In this example, the "Specialised knowledge" section (which you could also call "Trained in") includes various coursework modules, such as "financial analysis" or "business strategy".
News & Media
In includes the testimony of 27 witnesses, including Michael Torpey, the governor's chief of staff, and the commissioners of transportation and environmental protection.
News & Media
Mr. Mosiello's bill differs from New York City's Toy Gun Ordinance in two significant ways: in includes within the banned category of toys those resembling machine guns, rifles and shotguns (not just pistols and revolvers) and it would criminalize the possession only of those toys that are used in the commission of a crime.
News & Media
The box it comes in includes the USB cable, drivers CD and the screen.
News & Media
(The full-time Thousand Talents program, which Leonhardt did not participate in, includes research funding as well as a subsidy).
Science & Research
That said, English-speaking countries still rule: The top five countries that it operates in includes the U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, and Netherlands.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
46 human-written examples
Neighbours join in, including Wudnesh Zebdios.
Formal & Business
The tie-in includes Chelsea-themed bottles of the spiritand training sessions in Burma by coaches from the London club.
News & Media
Cardiff's run-in includes matches against Millwall and Blackpool (both home) and Nottingham Forest (away).
News & Media
County's season run-in includes clashes with Dagenham and Redbridge ( home), York City (away) and Oxford United (home).
News & Media
United are fourth in the Premier League but their 10-game run-in includes matches against Liverpool (away), Manchester City (home), Chelsea (away) and Arsenal (home).
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Avoid using the phrase "in includes". It's generally grammatically incorrect. Instead, use "includes" or rephrase your sentence for clarity.
Common error
Do not combine "in" with "includes" as it creates a redundant and grammatically incorrect structure. Ensure that you use either "in" appropriately within a sentence or use the verb "includes" by itself.
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
1.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "in includes" functions incorrectly as a verb phrase, attempting to describe the action of containing something. This construction is grammatically flawed, as noted by Ludwig. It's intended to express that something encompasses or comprises specific elements.
Frequent in
News & Media
33%
Science
33%
Formal & Business
33%
Less common in
Wiki
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "in includes" is generally considered grammatically incorrect. As Ludwig points out, it's a non-standard construction and should be avoided in favor of grammatically correct alternatives like "includes", "comprises", or rephrasing the sentence. Although some examples exist across different sources, they appear to be errors rather than established usage. Therefore, it's best to use more precise and grammatically sound alternatives for clear and effective communication.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
includes
This alternative removes the unnecessary preposition "in", resulting in a grammatically correct sentence.
is included in
This alternative rephrases the sentence in a passive voice to ensure grammatical correctness.
that includes
Adding "that" makes the phrase a relative clause, providing context and grammatical structure.
which includes
This alternative introduces a non-restrictive clause to add additional information.
incorporates
This is a single-word synonym that avoids the grammatical error while conveying a similar meaning.
comprises
This alternative directly indicates that something is made up of certain components.
consists of
This alternative emphasizes the components that make up a whole.
features
Using "features" highlights notable aspects or elements.
entails
This alternative suggests that something necessarily involves or includes certain elements.
covers
This alternative indicates the scope or range of something.
FAQs
How can I correct the phrase "in includes" in a sentence?
Simply remove the "in" to use "includes" correctly. For example, instead of "The report in includes several key findings", say "The report includes several key findings".
What are some alternatives to "in includes"?
Consider using "includes", "comprises", or "consists of" depending on the context.
Which is correct, "in includes" or "includes"?
"Includes" is the correct term. "In includes" is grammatically incorrect and should be avoided.
What's the difference between saying "in includes" and "includes"?
The phrase "in includes" is redundant and grammatically incorrect. The verb ""includes"" already conveys the meaning of containing something, making "in" unnecessary.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
1.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested