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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak quote

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

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in includes

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "in includes" is not correct and does not make sense in written English.
It seems to be a combination of two words that do not fit together grammatically. Example: "The report in includes several key findings." (This should be corrected to "The report includes several key findings.")

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

13 human-written examples

In this example, the "Specialised knowledge" section (which you could also call "Trained in") includes various coursework modules, such as "financial analysis" or "business strategy".

News & Media

The Guardian

In includes the testimony of 27 witnesses, including Michael Torpey, the governor's chief of staff, and the commissioners of transportation and environmental protection.

News & Media

The New York Times

Mr. Mosiello's bill differs from New York City's Toy Gun Ordinance in two significant ways: in includes within the banned category of toys those resembling machine guns, rifles and shotguns (not just pistols and revolvers) and it would criminalize the possession only of those toys that are used in the commission of a crime.

News & Media

The New York Times

The box it comes in includes the USB cable, drivers CD and the screen.

News & Media

TechCrunch

(The full-time Thousand Talents program, which Leonhardt did not participate in, includes research funding as well as a subsidy).

Science & Research

Science Magazine

That said, English-speaking countries still rule: The top five countries that it operates in includes the U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, and Netherlands.

News & Media

TechCrunch
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Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

46 human-written examples

Neighbours join in, including Wudnesh Zebdios.

Formal & Business

Unicef

The tie-in includes Chelsea-themed bottles of the spiritand training sessions in Burma by coaches from the London club.

Cardiff's run-in includes matches against Millwall and Blackpool (both home) and Nottingham Forest (away).

News & Media

BBC

County's season run-in includes clashes with Dagenham and Redbridge ( home), York City (away) and Oxford United (home).

News & Media

BBC

United are fourth in the Premier League but their 10-game run-in includes matches against Liverpool (away), Manchester City (home), Chelsea (away) and Arsenal (home).

News & Media

BBC
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Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Avoid using the phrase "in includes". It's generally grammatically incorrect. Instead, use "includes" or rephrase your sentence for clarity.

Common error

Do not combine "in" with "includes" as it creates a redundant and grammatically incorrect structure. Ensure that you use either "in" appropriately within a sentence or use the verb "includes" by itself.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

87%

Authority and reliability

1.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "in includes" functions incorrectly as a verb phrase, attempting to describe the action of containing something. This construction is grammatically flawed, as noted by Ludwig. It's intended to express that something encompasses or comprises specific elements.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

News & Media

33%

Science

33%

Formal & Business

33%

Less common in

Wiki

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "in includes" is generally considered grammatically incorrect. As Ludwig points out, it's a non-standard construction and should be avoided in favor of grammatically correct alternatives like "includes", "comprises", or rephrasing the sentence. Although some examples exist across different sources, they appear to be errors rather than established usage. Therefore, it's best to use more precise and grammatically sound alternatives for clear and effective communication.

FAQs

How can I correct the phrase "in includes" in a sentence?

Simply remove the "in" to use "includes" correctly. For example, instead of "The report in includes several key findings", say "The report includes several key findings".

What are some alternatives to "in includes"?

Consider using "includes", "comprises", or "consists of" depending on the context.

Which is correct, "in includes" or "includes"?

"Includes" is the correct term. "In includes" is grammatically incorrect and should be avoided.

What's the difference between saying "in includes" and "includes"?

The phrase "in includes" is redundant and grammatically incorrect. The verb ""includes"" already conveys the meaning of containing something, making "in" unnecessary.

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Source & Trust

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Authority and reliability

1.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: