Research shows that sleep in humans serves critical roles in optimizing brain function including memory, mental and physical performance.
These results suggest that the effect of male sex chromosome complement on lowering expression of genes related to mood in humans serves to set up a structure (i.e., gene expression, signaling) that differs by sex chromosome complement and that is supportive of a 'disease state,' as gene changes were often in pro-disease direction (i.e., 'indirect' effect; Figure 5).
The skin in humans serves other functions such as the synthesis of vitamin D. This vitamin is important for the normal physiological function of bones in the body.
We conclude that way-marking – a behaviour not previously described in mammals other than humans – serves solely as an aid to spatial navigation during exploration.
In effect, humans serve as a virus mixing bowl.
The disease is dependent on a 2-host life cycle in which humans serve as the definitive host and pigs as the intermediate host.
The similarities of this model with the human disease, coupled with documented frequent XBP-1s overexpression in human MM, serve to implicate XBP-1s dysregulation in MM pathogenesis.
Dornbusch was a founding member of Stanford's Program in Human Biology, served as director of the Stanford Center for the Study of Families, Children and Youth; founded and directed Stanford's Curriculum on Children and Society; and co-founded Stanford's Center on Adolescence.
Small molecules derived from natural sources play a key role in human welfare, serving as drugs or drug precursors with useful pharmaceutical properties [1] [2].
The best-characterized NEDD8 substrates, cullins (CUL1, 2, 3, 4A, 4B, 5, and 7 and PARC in human cells), serve as molecular scaffolds for cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs; Lydeard et al., 2013; Sarikas et al., 2011).
