It has also been observed in our previous studies of PECs co-cultured in human long-term bone marrow cultures (Lang et al, 1997; Lang et al, 1998; Scott et al, 2000; Hart et al, 2002; Hart et al, 2005) malignant human PECs formed colonies in close proximity to adipocytes (unpublished finding).
Very limited turnover of adult stem cells is also compatible with the minimal loss of telomere length observed in granulocytes from normal human individuals between 20 and 60 years of age (Lansdorp, 2008) and the sequential recruitment of quiescent progenitors that was observed to sustain cell production in human long-term bone marrow cultures (Lansdorp and Dragowska, 1993).
In humans, long-term exposure to liraglutide does not significantly affect serum calcitonin concentrations [ 5].
In humans, long-term cancer risk in DES daughters has only been studied in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) DES Follow-up Study [ 8].
In humans, long-term effects of prenatal SSRI exposure on childhood neurodevelopment have not been extensively studied.
In humans, long-term exposure to hypoxia does not lead to increased muscle capillarization (Green et al., 1989; Hoppeler et al., 1990; MacDougall et al., 1991).
These results demonstrate the importance of even trace GALT activity on long-term outcome, and also confirm that in flies, as in humans, long-term outcome in galactosemia, like acute outcome, is recessive.
In humans, long-term DR causes several metabolic and molecular changes that protect against age-related pathologies, including changes in markers for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and dementia (Cava & Fontana, 2013).
In humans, long-term caloric restriction is associated with improved cardiometabolic parameters and a reduction of atherosclerosis and diastolic dysfunction (Fontana et al., 2004; Meyer et al., 2006; Heilbronn et al., 2006).
In humans, long-term waterpipe tobacco smoking has been linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, lung disease, and other health problems, although the strength of the evidence for these linkages varies by health problem and individual study quality.
