One explanation for their current omnipresence, Messiaen himself might have hoped, would be a return of spiritual fervor, in direct challenge to what I called above our secular modern age.
But it was Wright whom he still took for the monster he had to slay — or, perhaps, as he sometimes worried, for his father — and the book of essays that Baldwin published in 1955, which included two that were vehemently anti-Wright, was titled, in direct challenge, "Notes of a Native Son".
He notes that this approach is set out in direct challenge to the dominant 'personhood' account, which starts from what is morally valuable in paradigm cases of humans and then generalizes to other entities with similar features, while restricting concern (to varying degrees) to entities lacking some or all of the features of personhood.
THIS week the Wall Street Journal, the pride of News Corporation's stable of newspapers, launched a 12-page daily section of local news in New York, in a direct challenge to the New York Times.
If Mr Duhalde refuses to give way, Mr Kirchner may decide to run his popular wife, the current Santa Cruz senator, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, as a senatorial candidate in Buenos Aires in a direct challenge to Mr Duhalde.But imposing his wife on the local party or openly backing the opposition, as he recently did in a provincial election, would be risky for the president.
BMW reportedly plans to launch an all-electric 3-Series sedan in September in a direct challenge to Tesla's long-awaited line of affordably priced cars, called Model 3. In January, Ford Motor Co. said it would add hybrid versions of its most iconic offerings by 2020, including the F-150 pickup truck and the Mustang sports car. .
But the spark was surely the upsurge in youth activism, most notably in the sit-ins in the south, where young people had engaged in a direct challenge to power and succeeded in redefining the boundaries of the politically possible.
But for the first time in centuries – and in a direct challenge to the Magna Carta of 1215 – the entire trial will be held in secrecy.
There are no busts of Prince Charles at Duchy Farm, but his presence is everywhere: in the hedgerows he plants to cordon off his sustainably cultivated fields, in the cattle he raises in a direct challenge to the meat-factory methodology so prevalent in the U.S., and in the all-organic cow pies that his bovines drop onto the pristine landscape.
In a direct challenge to nation states in Europe, Joschka Fischer, the German foreign minister, has proposed the creation of a European federation with a directly elected president and parliament sharing real executive and legislative powers.
Over half of its food parcels went to people facing welfare cuts or delays in benefit payments, it said, in a direct challenge to ministers who have steadfastly refused to accept that there is any link between cuts to social security and the explosion in food bank use.
