The effort to demobilize both Frelimo and Renamo forces and form a new, unified military also met with delays and difficulties, and in the mid-1990s soldiers waiting in demobilization camps for weeks without food, money, or prospects for work staged scattered violent uprisings.
Sun spent nine years in the army and fought in China's 1979 war against Vietnam, then used $400 in demobilization pay to open the first seafood restaurant in Urumqi (capital of Xinjiang).
This difference in demobilization between groups was statistically significant (X1 = 71.88, p < .001) indicating that this factor is a crucial difference between the two groups.
The results in countries like Liberia, Peru, Sierra Leone and Timor-Leste and many regions of the world have created a body of experience on ways for adolescents to meaningfully participate in demobilization by testifying at special courts and reintegrating into their communities and society at large.
Most of the participants from the paramilitary forces had been demobilized in groups (collective demobilization: n = 90), whereas only about one third demobilized of their own accord (individual demobilization: n = 49).
Another riff involved militiamen taking part in a demobilization program but turning in only defective weapons.
Economic activity has greatly increased since a United Nations-sponsored ceasefire agreement was signed with Morocco in 1991, which resulted in the demobilization of Polisario troops who moved into the camps and began to re-engage in livestock husbandry, seasonal nomadism and trade.
In the area of child recruitment, UNICEF has provided guiding principles for the prevention of the use of children in conflict, and has aided in the demobilization and reintegration into society of former child combatants.
And by the same token, the UN mission in Angola did not include children in the demobilization, disarmament or de-mining aspects of its mandate).
Since the mid-1980s, UNICEF has been regularly involved in the demobilization of child soldiers, playing a key role in advocating for and securing their release from armed forces and groups in countries such as Angola, Burundi, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan and Uganda.
In their latest fact sheet, published in 2009, the office of the Presidential High Counselor for Reintegration revealed the statistic that out of 51.852 persons who expressed their willingness to demobilize between August 2002 and September 2009, only 60% participated in the demobilization program.
