While the high hydrophobicity in this case does not result in protein core formation, it gives rise to the observed high propensity for self-aggregation (compare Figure 3B).
For the first time, we demonstrated here that the impairment of SMN function in Sm core formation leads to a significant decrease in the levels of a subset of snRNPs in the spinal cord as well as other tissues of severe SMA mice (Figures 6, 7 and 8).
In addition, whereas most reports show the structure core formed by guanines from G runs (two or more consecutive Gs), unprecedented and bulged G-quadruplexes were also reported with an isolated guanine involved in G-tetrad core formation.
Protease cleavage combined with mass spectrometry identified the central region of the peptide hormone involved in the fibril core formation.
Insulin-resistant macrophages are more susceptible to endoplasmic reticulum stress associated apoptosis probably contributing to macrophage death and necrotic core formation in atherosclerotic plaques in type 2 diabetes.
In the first stage of the synthesis (core formation), in addition to the effect of concentrations of initiator and crosslinker, the rate of intramolecular crosslinking is also very important.
In light of the striking discrepancy between the degree of reduction in snRNP assembly and snRNP levels in tissues of SMA mice as well as other model systems, it is important to consider that in vitro snRNP assembly assays measure the capacity of Sm core formation in extracts, which likely corresponds to the amount of SMN complexes bound to Sm proteins and therefore capable of snRNP assembly.
Also, snRNP assembly activity in whole extracts from these human SMA fibroblasts is reduced approximately two- to three-fold (data not shown), which is proportional to the decrease in SMN levels and in agreement with the results of a previous study that analyzed Sm core formation in the same cell lines [32].
Compared with the occlusive forms of atherothrombosis, involving necrotic core formation in the intima, AAA is characterized by its localization in the matrix-rich aortic media, the presence of a chronic intraluminal thrombus (ILT), and the association with a significant adventitial reaction.
