In consequence of their possible alteration, miRNAs may be responsible for beta-cell phenotype loss as well as sensitization to several cytokines or other types of inflammatory stressors in type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
An increase in GnRH/LH pulsatility could be a cause and/or consequence of alterations in sex hormone levels.
> Deregulated expression of miRNAs in cancer is also a consequence of alteration in histone marks, which occur primarily due to the aberrant action of histone deacetylases and the Polycomb repressor complex (PRC2).
Therefore, the reduction in hepatic steatosis is not a consequence of alteration in calorie intake.
In contrast to conventional adenomas in which perturbation of the Wnt-signaling pathway is commonly believed as the initiating event [49], [50], this serration is a consequence of alteration in cell proliferation and apoptosis leading to inactivation of DNA repair genes by promoter methylation and secondary mutations that cause tumor progression [46].
Of note, these effects do not seem to be an indirect consequence of alteration in cell proliferation since Caco-2/15 cells expressing shPTEN exhibited the same proliferation rate than control cells and stop to proliferate as soon as they reached confluence (data not shown).
Knowing that cold acclimation increased plasma levels of VLDL and small LDL remnants in ApoE−/− mice, we next investigated the consequence of alteration of lipid profiles in affecting atherosclerotic plaque growth.
We also show that the changes in glucose metabolism and adiposity are a consequence of alteration of skeletal muscle rather than a direct effect of the inhibition of myostatin signaling in adipose tissue.
Two alternative adaptations have been proposed for Methanosarcina spp. and the bacteria Acetohalobium arabaticum to minimize proteome alteration in consequence of the insertion of Pyl on the stop codons normally intended to stop the translation [ 77].
Enhanced insulin release in p38δ Δ/Δ mice was not the consequence of alterations in the β cell mass, in the pancreatic islet architecture, or in insulin content.
The consequence of alterations in the P53 target genes observed in this study are altered growth/proliferation and a potential failure to elicit appropriate responses to apoptotic-inducing stimuli, such as chemotherapy.
