Although caspase-1 activation during A. fumigatus infection has not been investigated, studies showing secretion of IL-1β by the human monocyte/macrophage cell line, THP-1, following stimulation by A. fumigatus [19] suggested that caspase-1 must be activated in these cells, either directly by the fungal pathogen or in combination with a host-cell derived DS.
Our results suggested that low-dose paclitaxel in combination with Ad-mCCL21 was concurrently practicable with less host toxicity.
Combined, these studies emphasize the importance of a robust host organism in combination with a powerful expression system, and highlight the relevance of different factors governing the expression of the target enzyme, such as expression temperature, time and period of induction.
The use of two heterospecific, noncompatible FLP recognition target sites in combination with a screening/selection marker enables the isolation of an engineered host cell line containing a chromosomal recombinant cassette in a predefined, transcriptionally active locus.
An increase in species diversity, in combination with an increase in the densities of individuals within those species, as we observed in this study, should also mean an increase in the number of predators of the rodent host species.
Following further validation, the signature may have clinical utility in combination with other host response signatures for diagnosing and managing patients with systemic inflammation.
PTB binding to the 5' end, probably in combination with other host cell or viral factors, prevents translation initiation and ribosome recruitment (Fig 12d) promoting the synthesis of viral RNA (Fig 12e).
There is some evidence that host ATP production might be increased in combination with reduced host energy consumption.
Altogether, this resulted in the creation of six 96-condition screen kits for use in combination with the host lipid screen.
We consider that, in patients with haematologic malignancies, these bacterial factors, in combination with the host responses, may result in epithelial cells dysfunction, which become more permeable for microorganisms invasion, allowing their translocation/transmission.
