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In most cases the change in closing hour occurred at the very beginning of a new quarter (e.g. 1 July) and applied to all beverage types and all on-premise licences.
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Six of these studies addressed extended trading hours [15– 20], whereas three addressed restrictions in closing hours [21– 23].
On these grounds, the findings of this study suggest that even minor restrictions in closing hours for on-premise alcohol sales could be an attractive measure to curb night-time assaults in inner city areas.
It makes sense, perhaps, only if you've ever eaten Rocky Mountain oysters in a bar in Butte at closing hour.
This indicator should not be affected by changes in closing hours but function as a proxy for potential confounders.
In this analysis we regressed the change in city centre assaults on the change in closing hours, including change in assaults in the city periphery as control.
A 1-hour change in closing hours for on-premise sales was accompanied by an approximately 20% change in violent crime rates at weekend nights in city centres.
Indeed, among the four studies with stronger designs, three studies addressed changes in closing hours and all three found associations in the expected direction [20, 22, 23].
Changes in closing hours may be considered politically feasible, as they are easily implemented and sustained and imply no direct economic costs to the authorities.
To estimate the effect on violence of small changes in closing hours for on-premise alcohol sales, and to assess whether a possible effect is symmetrical.
Moreover, according to our key informants the licensed premises that were affected by changes in closing hours were mainly pubs, bars and nightclubs.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com