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Considering PFSC in CCVT secondary different fault cases are simulated.
From Table 1 it is clear that proposed directional relaying algorithm is not affected by the presence PFSC in CCVT secondary circuit during SPT condition.
The active and passive ferroresonance suppression circuit models used in CCVT is shown in Fig. 3(a) and (b) respectively [15 17, 25, 26].
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To obtain subsidence transient at the secondary side of CCVT, a new CCVT model is developed in EMTDC/PSCAD environment considering the nonlinear elements.
Simulation results are presented in Section 4. Finally, the conclusion is drawn in Section 5. CCVT is generally applied over high voltage and extra-high voltage transmission system as it is inexpensive and not subject to ferroresonance condition.
The transients at the secondary side of CCVT not present in the primary are introduced by the CCVT internal parameters.
As the CCVT available in master library (ML) is not able to develop sufficient subsidence transient, a 500 kV, 60 Hz CCVT is modelled.
The internal parameters of CCVT are mentioned in the Appendix 2 [18].
The presence of subsidence transient in the secondary side of CCVT is either due to zero voltage fault, high source impedance ratio (SIR), fault with zero resistance path, close-in fault and several other causes such as configuration of ferroresonance suppression circuit (FSC), high burden on the secondary side etc. [5 8].
Results for different critical cases prove that the proposed method is able to maintain proper selectivity between in-zone and end-zone faults and also using the method the time-delay operation can be avoided during subsidence transient in the secondary side of CCVT.
A schematic diagram of CCVT model as considered in the study is shown in Fig. 2 [18].
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