The increasing values of first and second-order slip parameters increases the velocity profile in cases of shrinking sheet upper and lower branch solutions (for small values of η).
The values of skin-friction coefficient are higher for Al-water and lower for Au-water in stretching sheet and in the case of shrinking sheet; the values of ( -{mathit{mathsf{F}}}^{hboxhboxleft(mathsf{0}right) ) are higher for Au-water and lower for Al-water compared to other nanofluids.
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Figure 4a, b depicts the effects of γ and φ on the velocity profile in the case of shrinking sheet.
Figure 6a, b is plotted for F′ for different values of δ and φ in the case of shrinking sheet.
The temperature increases as φ increases and decreases as γ increases in the case of shrinking sheet (upper and lower branch solutions [Fig. 7b, c]).
TiO2-water has higher Nusselt number and Al-water has lower Nusselt number in the case of shrinking sheet upper branch solution.
In the case of shrinking sheet (both upper and lower branch), the reduced Nusselt number increases with γ, |δ| and Pr, and it decreases with φ.
It is seen that the first-order slip and the nanoparticle volume fraction parameters have an opposite effect on the velocity profile of Au-water in the case of shrinking sheet upper branch solution compared to stretching sheet.
It is observed that the second-order slip parameter increases the thermal boundary-layer thickness in the case of stretching sheet and decreases the thickness of the thermal boundary-layer in the case of shrinking sheet upper and lower branch solutions.
