The theme in both Rules is evoked in Rule 8-FM: "Whose bread I eat, his song I sing".
Compared to the normal controls, the WD group had significantly slower learning rates in both rule-based and information-integration category learning (t 56) = 2.655 and 2.895, both p<0.01).
The nuclei of the basal ganglia, the head and tails of the caudate nucleus, are known to be important in both rule-based and information-integration category learning [45], [46].
We measured their learning rate and accuracy in both rule-based category learning and information-integration category learning, and magnitudes of perceptual learning in a wide range of external noise conditions, and compared the results with that of normal controls.
We therefore expected that subjects with treated Wilson's disease may have deficits in both rule-based and information-integration category learning, although the deficits may not be correlated because the impact of the disease on different nuclei of the basal ganglia depends on the exact nature of the damage in each individual patient.
We found that the eight WD subjects had much slower learning rates in both rule-based (109±10 versus 76±5 trials, t(18) = 3.354, p<0.01) and information-integration (137±11 versus 105±9 trials, t(18) = 2.591, p<0.02) category learning (Figures 4CD).
In both rule-in and rule-out blocks, participants indicated their choice with a key press (practice task) or button press (fMRI session).
Commitments in both rule-in and rule-out blocks (commit > defer) were associated with strong increases in the BOLD signal in a number of brain regions, but most prominently in a dorsomedial prefrontal region encompassing the dACC.
In this paper, we take an artificial neural network approach to learn and adjust these weights, and thereby support a new ontology alignment algorithm, customized for biological ontologies, with the purpose of avoiding some disadvantages in both rule-based and learning-based aligning algorithms.
As expected, the sensitivity is higher in both rules for the easier high-variance case (red line).
Although the court did not question the validity of the EPA's scientific basis for establishing the PM and ozone standards, it did challenge how the EPA selected the particular levels since the scientific record in both rules did not indicate unequivocally where the standards should be set.
