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The primary difference between bitumen and ordinary crude is the size of the hydrocarbon molecules: in liquid oil, these molecules contain between five and twenty carbon atoms, while in bitumen they contain more than twenty.
This is why Alberta's energy minister told the Globe and Mail this summer that without Keystone XL Alberta would be 'landlocked in bitumen.' Eventually I suppose they'll figure out a way to unlandlock themselves.
An intercalated morphology for both montmorillonites was observed in bitumen.
Pyrite in bitumen, and in other settings, can form both abiogenically or biogenically.
The most important oxygen compounds are the acid groups in bitumen.
Water solubility in bitumen is measured at temperatures up to 493 K.
The dispersion state of montmorillonite in bitumen was determined by the X-ray diffraction.
Increasing the sulfur content by 30 50% in bitumen causes the bitumen to have significantly increased resistance.
The viscosity change in bitumen for different sonication frequencies with different power inputs is presented in Fig. 6.
Further, Ni and V in bitumen exist as soluble organometallic complexes that characterize as metal porphyrins and non-porphyrin complexes.
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Simultaneous removal of asphaltenes and water from a water-in-bitumen emulsion by adding light paraffinic solvents was investigated with a bench-scale unit.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com