Is the ability to think about an object a matter of standing in an appropriate causal relation to it?
The use of modal theory permits this situation to be formulated as an eigenvalue problem which results in an appropriate dispersion relation.
They are ruled out by an appropriate reading of (A1) and (B1): (A1) says that the person herself must stand in an appropriate computational relation to a Mentalese sentence, which, as per (B1), has a suitable syntax and semantics.
Hanser's own view is that an act harms a person only if the agent stands in some "appropriate relation" to the harm that is suffered, where that relation will involve a counterfactual element and accordingly may not obtain if the suffering is due to a genetic disease or disorder (Hanser 2009).
On the simple desire-belief model, an intention is a combination of desire-belief states, and an action is intentional in virtue of standing in the appropriate relation to these simpler states.
For example, when one perceives a white shell as white, our sense organ stands in appropriate relation with the object of perception, a shell in this case, and apprehends the property whiteness which characterizes the shell in question and thus gives rise to a veridical perception.
When the processes at work in the social fact then begin to outstrip particular institutional feedback mechanisms that maintain it within the institution, then the institution must be transformed if it is to stand in the appropriate relation to the facts that make it feasible and realizable.
A physical state represents birds, for example, just in case an appropriate causal relation obtains between it and birds.
Thus, given L1 and L2 presented in different ways, it is always possible to extract the respective consequence relations and then combine them (taking, for instance their supremum in an appropriate lattice of consequence relations).
All of them are, or resemble, inductive definitions: they claim that certain entities belong unconditionally to the class of artworks, while others do so because they stand in the appropriate relations thereto.
