These NOD-SCID mice display T, B, and NK cell immunodeficiency, in addition to being deficient for macrophages and protein complement.
In addition to mice deficient in VIP or PACAP, the development of receptor KO mice has provided valuable tools to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the actions of these peptides in the immune system.
Finally, microinjection of in vitro-synthesized RNA showed that CD9 reversed a fusion defect in CD81-deficient oocytes in addition to CD9-deficient oocytes, but CD81 failed in both oocytes.
High HRD scores were observed in BRCA1/2-intact tumors, in addition to BRCA1/2-deficient tumors, suggesting that a subset of these tumors have HR deficiency via some alternate mechanism.
In addition to protein-deficient diet, other causes of kwashiorkor include poor intestinal absorption, chronic alcoholism, kidney disease, and infection, burns, or other trauma resulting in the abnormal loss of body protein.
In addition to being hydroxyl deficient, the outer shell of the molten particle also becomes phosphate deficient (Figure 3, case (iii)) (Narayanan et al. 2010).
Therefore, we now clearly show that, in addition to the GH deficient dwarf mice [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], female Irs1−/− mice also show a highly consistent and repeatable lifespan extension across distinct studies.
In addition to colonizing DAZL-deficient rat testes more efficiently, donor spermatogonial lines transmitted their haplotypes from DAZL-deficient recipients more efficiently.
However, cadm1-deficient mice as well as nlgn3-deficient mice did not show all of the core symptoms of ASD (Takayanagi et al., submitted elsewhere); in addition to infertility, cadm1-deficient mice manifested abnormal anxieties and impaired ultrasonic vocalization but did not show the impaired social interaction and restricted stereotyped behaviors.
