For example, in addition to the extensively reported chemoattractive effects of netrin-1 and NGF on axonal growth9,50, NGF also showed significant regulation of neuronal migration in a steepness-dependent mode, which was not observed for netrin-1.
The gradient of Sema3A molecules simultaneously repelled axonal growth (R2 = 0.80, p = 6.58 × 10−7, F-test) and promoted cellular migration (R2 = 0.95, p = 1.11 × 10−13, F-test) towards the higher concentration end in a steepness-dependent mode (Fig. 4b, c), which was not observed in different control groups (Supplementary Fig. 5).
In hydrogel cylinders containing gradients with a steepness above 6.5% (~1.0 × 10−3 μm−1 in slope), the migration of neuron somata showed association with the gradient steepness (R2 = 0.63, p = 2.86 × 10−5, F-test), though such a tendency was not as obvious in moderate gradient steepness (Fig. 3f).
We have also analyzed how pseudopodia are extended in a steep cAMP gradient that occur during natural cell aggregation (Fig. 6) or in gradients with different steepness (delivered by micropipettes; unpublished data).
Gradient in the steepness of a slope, stated as a proportion between its vertical intervals reduced to unity, and its horizontal equivalent.
A neural simulation showed that an increase in the steepness of the comparison function is very costly (exponential explosion) in the number of the required value-coding neurons, given that there is a non-zero amount of noise in the neuronal representations.
Compared to baseline, dexmedetomidine infusions resulted in both a right shift of the sigmoid curve (increased T50 to 47.2 degrees C) and a decrease in the steepness of the curve (decreased gamma from 3.24 during baseline and remifentanil infusions to 2.45 during dexmedetomidine infusions).
Equal increments in current-density caused a similar rise in firing frequency (Fig. 2B), indicating that a change in the steepness of the input/output relationship does not accompany the lower rheobase of Ts65Dn GCs outlined above.
Increased wake time during the day produced by CBT was correlated with an increase in the steepness of the slope of EEG delta power and subjective improvement.
In addition, an increase in the steepness of the triangular well for the electrons raises the quantization energy, compensating for the energy decrease due to the increased well depth.
There was also an increase in the steepness of the "a4" curve (WT: k = 14.50 mV, V287R: k = 11.62 mV).
