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For the k th test dataset, we impute it by an imputation method, apply the SEMD with a given smoothing parameter λ to a new composite data which consists of the imputed k th dataset and the remaining training dataset, and calculate the prediction error for the k th test dataset.
Once the cheating starts, it's natural to impute it to others.
Even heel-clicking Oliver North, when it came to his criminal trial on Iran-contra charges, felt he had to impute it all to the president at last.
To explain the rejection, the next step, still following [8], is to impute it to a lack of stationarity or to something more complex.
iii) The appropriate exposure metric is not known and there are no biological data from which to impute it.
The choice of whether to ignore or impute missing data, and how to impute it, may affect the findings of the trial.
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Because the latter data set contains errors and is incomplete, we detail the process of cleaning and imputing it to provide a year's worth in hourly increments for two forward operating bases in Afghanistan.
That is why this study has drawn the information on child-rearing costs from PSKC, imputed it into the KLoWF data, and measured the socio-demographic distance of all women included in the two panel studies.
It has however been improved since 2009 with data from the Ministry of Education, and so we use the latter information, imputing it backwards (see De la Roca and Puga 2016, footnote 7).
When the standard deviation was not reported, we imputed it by using the methods reported in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews.
Authors actually imputed the time-to-event by the time to the first measurement where the marker was below the specific level of interest (e.g. 60 mL/min/1.73 m for GFR), or did not specify how they imputed it.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com