Compared to traditional FPs, GIM-Hospitalists appear to improve length of stay [OR−2.975, (CI −3.302 – -2.647)] while FP-Hospitalists perform similarly [OR 0.096, (CI −0.136 – 0.329)].
In a further study of 99 US patients, adherence to IDSA guidelines significantly improved length of stay from 6.8 to 4.5 days (P < 0.01) and resulted in lower hospital costs (P < 0.05) [ 44].
In another recent randomized controlled trial of medically ill hospitalized older adults with CI and in comparison to usual care, a nurse-led mental health liaison service did not improve length of stay, mortality, re-hospitalization, cognition, or psychotropic use.
This evaluation will primarily be based on cost-benefit analyses comparing the costs incurred by the new treatments with the benefits obtained, measured as improved length of life and quality of life and the savings obtained from reduced costs in the health-care system due to fewer patients with severe complications.
Newborn screening programmes enable early diagnosis and treatment for a range of rare inherited metabolic conditions before clinical presentation, thereby improving length and quality of life for affected children.
ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00932334 Living related kidney transplantation (LKT) represents an optimal strategy for the treatment of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), offering recipients substantially improved length and quality of life when compared to patients receiving dialysis [ 1].
Because prostate cancer is usually slow growing, doctors also do not know whether treating the cancer early, when confined to the prostate, improves length or quality of life compared with close monitoring.
Although these may be markers of beneficial effects on patient-oriented outcomes (e.g. arterial calcification may be linked to a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality), in themselves they do not demonstrate improved length or quality of life.
Two randomized trials showed that second-line CPT-11 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer improved length and quality of life compared to best supportive care [ 12] as well as alternative fluoropyrimidine-based regimens [ 13].
But it seems reasonable to suggest a net effect, which is approximately equivalent to the one gained by improving the length of withdrawal with 2 months.
