The energy dissipation capacities of the retrofitted frames turned out to be more than those of the bare infilled frame, thus reducing the seismic demand imposed on the frames.
Code preset lower or upper bounds on either design acceleration or drift, respectively, that would control the final design are also addressed along with their implications, if imposed, on the frames' seismic performance.
This is achieved by, first relating the global stiffness of the sub frames of the structure to the most critical target drift and then providing as much capacity as demand imposed on the elements of the frame.
Then these forces are imposed on the shear wall and the frame and, subsequently, moments are determined at the end of the structural elements.
Given the short time frame imposed on the commission, Mr. Zarb had said "it would be illogical" to duplicate other efforts at pinning down an amount.
But having a vague frame imposed on the manager (such as "empower your people") may provide little real help and risks evoking a passive style of management (unless, of course, the manager sharpens it).
But to give "The Americans" deeper emotional stakes, the Jennings needed to have kids, and to make the kids older, they had to have met in the '60s, thus it felt as though the time frames were imposed on the characters in a somewhat awkward way.
The decision prompted protesters in Hyderabad to burn cricket bats, but a few hours later the PCB clarified its position saying there was no time-frame on the bans imposed on the two.
The live load demand imposed on the secondary members, such as diaphragms or cross-frames, can also be predicted using the results of the spring analogy.
This process allowed for the meaning of the data – and themes represented within it – to emerge freely without the constraints that might be imposed on the data if coding to a pre-specified coding frame.
