NF-κB is found in the cytoplasm in an inactive form bound to inhibitory proteins called inhibitory protein-κB (IκB), of which the important isoforms are IκB-α and IκB-β.
Of note, BimS isoform release was the most important, this isoform was described as being the most potent inductor of apoptosis (O'Connor et al, 1998).
Alternative mRNA splicing produces MYPT1 isoforms that differ by the presence or absence of a central insert (CI) and a leucine zipper (LZ), and the presence of a LZ+ MYPT1 isoform is important for protein kinase G (PKG) mediated activation of MLC phosphatase.
This indicates that a novel PKC isoform is important for migration of KCN-69c neuroblastoma cells.
ACSL1 mRNA is predominant among ACSL isoforms in bovine mammary tissue [ 19], and it increased >4-fold at the onset of lactation suggesting this isoform is important for copious milk fat synthesis.
This suggests that the large isoform is important for the maintenance of a subset of the stereocilia: in particular, it maintains the stereocilia are involved in converting sound energy into an electrical signal in the inner part of the cochlea.
Publically available ROCK inhibitors show poor selectivity between the two isoforms, making them unsuitable tools to investigate whether either isoform is more important for OPC differentiation.
In contrast, mice with a global deficiency of NOX2 were reported to have an unaltered BP response to angiotensin II [ 116], suggesting that this isoform is less important.
Finally, these experiments have not yet clarified the relative functional effects of the pro- and anti-angiogenic VEGF-A isoforms on trophoblast proliferation and invasion, including which isoform is the more important depending on the oxygen tension of the environment.
Dostal et al. have reported that the highest affinity for CDNB is GSTα (21), further suggesting that this GST isoform is not an important mediator of B[ a]PDE-GSH-adduct formation.
