As companies have become flatter and less hierarchical, and frontline employees more pivotally involved in value-creating work, lateral and bottom-up communication has achieved the importance of top-down communication.
Fink said one surprise in the survey was the importance of top-down mandates for making organizations data driven.
It has also become necessary to study the "correct" SSI forcing to be used in models as well as the relative importance of top-down versus bottom-up coupling mechanisms.
This further highlights the importance of top-down inhibition of higher-level visual areas under conjunction-task WM conditions.
However, with the exception of some areas (e.g. western Sweden and parts of the Baltic Sea), managers are still largely unaware of the importance of top-down control (role of predation and grazing and their interaction) in relation to bottom-up processes (nutrient pollution).
With better understanding of SSI, the importance of the top-down stratospheric UV mechanism has been widely accepted.
Some advocates of the biased competition view emphasize the particular importance of the top-down biasing signals that the theory postulates (e.g. Beck and Kastner, 2009, p. 1156), taking the source of these signals to be the true locus of attentional selection.
Improved TSI and SSI measurements and model simulations have shown the importance of the top-down stratospheric UV (SSI) mechanism and have led to more reliable solar cycle variation estimates.
Recent theories of drug and alcohol abuse (1) emphasize the importance of "bottom-up" incentive processes in initiating drinking and of "top-down" cortical control of behavior in the regulation of drug taking.
Michael B Excellentt combination of top-down concepts and bottom-up details.
