Linkage disequilibrium implies correlation between loci, which means that information for untyped variants can be inferred from genotyped loci in LD with them.
If a principal axis of the ellipsoid makes a significant angle with the axes in parameter space (i.e., there exists more than one significant entry in the eigenvector), this implies correlation between parameters in θ ^.
A more realistic estimate of reliability was given by the square of the implied correlation between the latent variable and the composite score (implied r), and this suggested that the better estimate of reliability varied between 0.53 (C-GHQ method) and 0.874 (GHQ method).
Particular attention is paid to the problem arising during the parameter estimating process because of the inadequate recording of PM data and the implied correlation between model parameters.
The reliability of the best fitting model was estimated using Cronbach's Alpha [ 21] and the square of the implied correlation between the latent variables and their composite scores, using unweighted least squares regression [ 22, 23].
The reliability value was estimated by squaring the implied correlation between the composite latent true variable and the composite observed variable, to arrive at the percentage of the total observed variance that were accounted for by the "true" variable [ 72].
The characterization (thickness, surface morphology) of the alumina films implies significant correlations between surface states of the substrate and film thickness.
BR = 1 implies no correlation between FRET and oligomeric state, BR > 1 implies oligomerization is linked to FRET, and BR < 1 implies that the lower-order oligomers are associated with FRET.
Experimental evolution studies have demonstrated genetic associations between male manipulative traits and female response traits, implying genetic correlations between these traits (e.g. Holland & Rice 1999; Martin & Hosken 2003).
It implies a correlation between porosity and permeability for a specific rock type.
